Serine and threonine are amino acids of similar composition. Serine is non-essential and can be synthesized in the body from threonine or some other amino acids and necessary vitamins and/or minerals. Serine is useful in cells and contributes to the cell's flexibility in the cell membrane. It is also involved in DNA and RNA metabolism. Threonine is an amino acid found in certain meats, nuts, and seeds. It is also used to manufacture structural proteins and useful to propagate the immune system. Serine and threonine have similar side-chain compositions and thus can be phosphorylated by a single enzyme called serine/threonine protein kinase. Phosphorylation is the addition of a phosphate group to the hydroxyl group (-OH) in the amino acid. This phosphate addition can help to regulate many important pathways in cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell differentiation, and embryonic development. The phosphate group can be removed by another enzyme called serine/threonine phosphatase. This regulates the activity of the kinase and also plays a major role in many important cellular processes.

Anti-bim antibody binds against the target bcl 2 interacting mediator of cell death. BIM is localized on the membranes of the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum and is associated with intracytoplasmic membranes. BIM is ubiquitously expressed in many tissues but found in highest amounts in the small intestine and spleen. Bcl2 interacting mediator of cell death functions as an apoptosis inducer. Anti-ERK2 antibody binds against the target extracellular signal related kinase 2. ERK2 is localized in the cell nucleus. ERK2 belongs to the protein kinase superfamily and the ser/thr protein kinase family. It is involved in the initiation and regulation of meiosis, mitosis, and postmitotic phosphorylation of many different transcription factors.